Through the Looking Glass: Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Belonging: A Call for Action from the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners.

In response to growing health disparities, social inequities, structural racism, and discrimination, the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners established a Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Taskforce. In 2020, this group transitioned into a national committee to infuse equity across the organization and empower pediatric-focused advanced practice registered nurses as agents of change to address health disparities. Emphasizing the critical need for understanding health disparities in the context of racism and discrimination, this committee champions a paradigm shift, transcending educational initiatives, advisory roles, advocacy efforts, leadership strategies, and community services to illuminate an equitable future for all children and families.

An Innovative Educational Intervention for Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Faculty to Meet Social Justice Curriculum Standards.

The association between adverse childhood experiences and negative health outcomes is a public health concern, particularly affecting disadvantaged groups and contributing to health disparities. Pediatric nurse practitioners are well-positioned to address this issue, emphasizing the importance of incorporating social justice concepts into nursing education to develop a pediatric workforce with the necessary skills to curb health disparities. However, evidence-based approaches to incorporating these concepts into pediatric nursing education are limited. To address this gap, we describe an innovative educational intervention that harnesses the power of narratives to empower future pediatric nurse practitioners as champions of social justice and health equity.

An Educational Quality Improvement Project to Enhance Culturally Appropriate Care by Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Students Using a Multimodal Approach.

INTRODUCTION: Cultural identity has a profound impact on the health of children. The delivery of culturally appropriate care is key to patient-centered care. To combat health inequities children face, nursing faculty must prepare students to provide culturally appropriate care. METHOD: We conducted a quality improvement educational intervention to enhance pediatric nurse practitioner students' educational preparation in providing culturally appropriate care. The setting for this project was a large academic institution. This study aimed to evaluate a multimodal approach to educating nurse practitioner students on culturally appropriate care. A three-phase intervention was used to explore the impact of the multimodal approach. RESULTS: Surveys were used to explore the impact of each modality on the student's knowledge and confidence in delivering culturally appropriate care. Results suggest that a multimodal approach is an effective modality. DISCUSSION: Experiential learning opportunities are imperative to enhance the delivery of culturally appropriate care.

Cuidado de la familia al niño en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica / Cuidado da família à criança em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica / Care of the family to the child in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

This study aimed to know the care provided by the family member to the child admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). This is a descriptive and exploratory research with a qualitative approach, developed in a PICU of a hospital in the south of Rio Grande do Sul / Brazil. Fifteen family caregivers participated. The collection took place between December 2017 and January 2018, through a semistructured interview that occurred after the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), under the opinion nº 2,416,925. The data were interpreted according to the thematic content analysis. Two categories were elaborated: Care provided by family members within a PICU; Relationship established by the health team of the PICU with the family caregiver and the child. The family offers the child a care based on love, affection and warmth, exposed when performing actions such as changing diapers, assisting in bathing and dressing. Likewise, the care received by the family members by the health team proved to be important to facilitate the process of adaptation to the situation lived and the continuity of the care of the family member to the child. In this sense, it can be seen that health professionals, especially nursing, may be conducting a therapeutic listening in their daily care, with a view to effective communication in which both speak the same language, valuing the meanings and meanings attributed by the family to this experience.(AU)

Este estudio tiene el objetivo de conocer el cuidado dispensado por el familiar al niño internado en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP). Se trata de una investigación descriptiva y exploratoria con abordaje cualitativo, desarrollada en una UTIP de un hospital del sur de Rio Grande do Sul / Brasil. Participaron 15 familiares cuidadores de niños. La recolección ocurrió entre diciembre / 2017 a enero / 2018, por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada que ocurrió después de la aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), bajo el parecer nº 2.416.925. Los datos fueron interpretados según el análisis de contenido temático. Se elaboró dos categorías: el cuidado prestado por los familiares dentro de una UTIP; Relación establecida por el equipo de salud de la UTIP con el familiar cuidador y el niño. La familia ofrece al niño un cuidado basado en el amor, cariño y calidez, expuestos al realizar acciones como cambiar los pañales, auxiliar en el baño y en curativos. De la misma forma el cuidado recibido por los familiares por parte del equipo de salud se mostró importante para facilitar el proceso de adaptación a la situación vivida y la continuidad del cuidado del familiar al niño. En este sentido se percibe que los profesionales de salud, en especial la enfermería podrá estar realizando en su cuidado diario una escucha terapéutica, con vistas a una comunicación efectiva en que ambos hablen el mismo lenguaje, valorizando los sentidos y los significados atribuidos por la familia a esa vivencia.(AU)

Este estudo objetivou conhecer o cuidado prestado pelo familiar a criança internada na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP). Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida em uma UTIP de um hospital do sul do Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil. Participaram 15 familiares cuidadores de crianças. A coleta ocorreu entre dezembro/2017 a janeiro/2018, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada que ocorreu após a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), sob o parecer nº 2.416.925. Os dados foram interpretados segundo a análise de conteúdo temática. Elaborou-se duas categorias: O cuidado prestado pelos familiares dentro de uma UTIP; Relação estabelecida pela equipe de saúde da UTIP com o familiar cuidador e a criança. A família oferece a criança um cuidado baseado no amor, carinho e aconchego, expostos ao realizar ações como trocar as fraldas, auxiliar no banho e em curativos. Da mesma forma o cuidado recebido pelos familiares por parte da equipe de saúde se mostrou importante para facilitar o processo de adaptação a situação vivida e a continuidade do cuidado do familiar a criança. Neste sentido percebe-se que os profissionais de saúde, em especial a enfermagem poderá estar realizando em seu cuidado diário uma escuta terapêutica, com vistas a uma comunicação efetiva em que ambos falem a mesma linguagem, valorizando os sentidos e os significados atribuídos pela família a essa vivência.(AU)

Pediatric nurse practitioner workforce shortage threatens child health equity: Key contributors and recommendations.

ABSTRACT: The pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) workforce shortage has begun to limit access to providers participating in Medicaid and/or the Children's Health Insurance Program, threatening child health equity in the United States. The following are key contributors: an emphasis on adult-focused NP programs and subsequent reduction in undergraduate pediatric content, common practice of student advisement to choose family NP programs, decreased PNP student enrollment leading to nonurban pediatric program closures, an acute shortage of PNP preceptors, and invisibility of the PNP workforce in national workforce data and strategic planning. We outline feasible action steps that nurses, NPs, educators, physicians, and policymakers can take to support PNP workforce growth to advance child health equity in the United States.

Estilo de liderazgo en profesionales de enfermería dentro de un sistema público / Leadership style in nursing professionals within a public healthcare system

Introducción: El liderazgo implica influir, motivar y organizar a otros para alcanzar metas y objetivos de manera efectiva. En el ámbito de la salud, se requiere enfermeros líderes flexibles que fomenten la participación en la toma de decisiones y conduzcan discusiones. Objetivo: Identificar el estilo de liderazgo de los profesionales de enfermería del sector público de la región de Ñuble, 2022.Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra fueron 62 enfermeros el sector público de la región de Ñuble Se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y otro que describe la conducta del supervisor elaborado por investigadores de la Universidad de Ohio. Fue autorizado por el Comité Ético Científico de la Universidad Adventista de Chile. Se aplicaron frecuencias absolutas y tablas dinámicas en Microsoft Excel.Resultados: El estilo de liderazgo predominante es delegar, con un 33,9 %, y el menos utilizado es dirigir, con un 14,5 %. La muestra fue constituida mayoritariamente por mujeres de 23 a 33 años que realizan trabajo diurno y presentan una alta motivación laboral. Conclusiones: Se notó un predominio del liderazgo delegativo, posiblemente relacionado con el nivel de madurez de los profesionales de enfermería, destacando que este estilo está estrechamente ligado al nivel más bajo de ma-durez, como se evidencia en la muestra mayoritaria de individuos de 23 a 33 años. (AU)

Introduction: Leadership involves influencing, motivating, and organizing others to achieve goals and objectives effectively. In the healthcare field, flexible nursing leaders are required to encourage participation in decision-mak-ing and lead discussions.Objective: To identify the leadership style of nursing professionals in the public sector of the Ñuble region in 2022.Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 62 nurses in the public sector of the Ñuble region. A sociodemographic questionnaire and another describing supervisor behavior, developed by re-searchers from the University of Ohio, were administered. The study was authorized by the Scientific Ethics Com-mittee of the Adventist University of Chile. Absolute frequencies and pivot tables were applied using Microsoft Excel.Results: The predominant leadership style is delegation, at 33.9%, and the least used is directing, at 14.5%. The sample consisted mainly of women aged 23 to 33 who work during the day and exhibit high work motivation.Conclusions: A predominance of delegative leadership was observed, possibly related to the maturity level of nurs-ing professionals. This style is closely linked to the lowest level of maturity, as evidenced by the majority of individ-uals in the sample aged 23 to 33. (AU)

Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Human Trafficking: A Psychometric Evaluation.

INTRODUCTION: Human trafficking is an urgent health threat. This study sought to psychometrically validate the novel Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Human Trafficking scale. METHOD: Using data from a 2018 study of pediatric-focused advanced practice registered nurses (n = 777), this secondary analysis examined dimensionality and reliability of the survey. RESULTS: The Cronbach α for scale constructs was < 0.7 for knowledge and 0.78 for attitudes. Exploratory and confirmatory analyses identified a bifactor model for knowledge with relative fit indexes within standard cutoffs, root mean square error of approximation = 0.03, comparative fit index = 0.95, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.94, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.06. The attitudes construct indicated a 2-factor model with root mean square error of approximation = 0.04, comparative fit index = 0.99, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.98, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.06, within standard cutoffs. DISCUSSION: The scale is a promising tool in advancing nursing response to trafficking but needs further refinement to increase utility and uptake.

Abordaje enfermero en el debut de la enfermedad oncológica infantil / Nursing approach for initial oncological disease in children

El objetivo fue presentar un plan de cuidados enfermeros individualizado para una niña de 5 años recién diagnosticada de leucemia linfoblástica aguda tipo B. La paciente ingresó a planta de Oncología por bicitopenia y dolores osteomusculares, y fue diagnosticada por un aspirado de médula ósea. Tras realizarle una valoración al ingreso siguiendo el modelo de las 14 Necesidades de Virginia Henderson se priorizaron los siguientes diagnósticos enfermeros NANDA y problemas de colaboración: Riesgo de infección, Hipertermia, Disminución de la implicación en actividades recreativas y Riesgo de cansancio del rol del cuidador. Para cada uno se establecieron los resultados NOC deseados: Severidad de la infección, Termorregulación, Adaptación del niño a la hospitalización, Participación en juegos y Desempeño del rol de padres. Gracias a las intervenciones NIC y sus correspondientes actividades, todos los indicadores aumentaron su puntuación basal alcanzando la puntuación diana. Es fundamental atender a la esfera global del paciente pediátrico y su entorno implicándoles en sus cuidados.(AU)

The objective was to present an individualized nursing care plan for a 5-year-old girl newly diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The patient was admitted to the Oncology ward due to bicytopenia and musculoskeletal pain, and was diagnosed through bone marrow aspiration. After assessment at admission, following the Virginia Henderson’s 14 Needs Model, the following NANDA nursing diagnosis and collaboration problems were prioritized: Risk of infection, Hyperthermia, Reduction of Involvement in Recreational Activities, and Tiredness of the Caregiver Role. The desired NOC outcomes were determined for each one: Severity of the Infection, Thermoregulation, Adaptation of the Child to Hospitalization, Participation in Games, and Performance of the Parental Roles. Due to the NIC interventions and their corresponding activities, there was an increase in the basal score for all indicators, and the target score was reached. It is essential to offer care for the global sphere of the paediatric patient and their environment, involving them in care.(AU)

Five-year follow-up of an interdisciplinary oral health education program: Clinical practice behaviors in working pediatric nurse practitioners.

ABSTRACT: Many interdisciplinary oral health education programs have been implemented for pediatric primary care providers (e.g., pediatric nurse practitioner [PNP]) to raise awareness and gain skills related to the prevention of early childhood caries (ECC). However, no studies have evaluated if these educational programs provided to PNPs during their training resulted in clinical practice behavior changes. A 33-item survey was designed on a web-based platform (Survey Monkey) and distributed to 71 PNP graduates. The survey included demographics, current clinical practice, clinical practice behaviors, and perceived barriers to practice. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the survey items and thematic analyses on the open-ended questions. The survey response rate was 70% (50/71 PNPs). Most practicing PNPs were in acute care or specialty clinics (n = 33; 66%) where oral health was not part of the focused visit. Majority used knowledge learned in assessment and anticipatory guidance skills. However, only 14% of primary care providers were applying fluoride varnish with 10% billing for this procedure. Barriers to application were time, available supplies, COVID protocols, lack of support staff, or not billing due to minimal reimbursement. Many primary care-trained PNPs were practicing in acute or subspecialty areas where prevention of ECC is not viewed as part of their focused visit. Pediatric nurse practitioners working in primary care demonstrated some clinical practice changes. However, areas for improvement are time to perform a risk assessment and application of fluoride varnish, access to these supplies, and standard billing and insurance reimbursement for these preventable services.

Intimate Partner Violence and Children: Essentials for the Pediatric Nurse Practitioner.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem of epidemic proportions. IPV often starts early in adolescence and continues throughout an individual's lifespan. IPV is defined as abuse or aggression occurring in the context of a romantic relationship that is perpetrated by a current or former partner. IPV victims often experience severe psychological trauma, physical injury, and even death. The direct recipient of the violence is often not the only individual impacted. Children are often peripheral victims of IPV. It is vital that pediatric health care providers, including pediatric nurse practitioners, recognize that IPV is indeed a pediatric health care crisis requiring strategies for both identification and intervention. This continuing education article will discuss IPV and its impact on children from conception to adolescence while exploring implications for practice.

Evaluating the Practice of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners: Is It Time for Dual Primary and Acute Care Preparation?

This survey aimed to evaluate contemporary pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP) practice as it relates to the competencies of both the primary and acute care population focus and settings of practice to guide curriculum revisions. The design of the study was a cross-sectional survey of PNPs certified by the Pediatric Nursing Certification Board. There were 2,265 surveys completed. Regardless of the certification type, PNPs report providing care across settings and integrating the competencies of both the primary and acute care PNP into practice. This warrants further consideration by programs to prepare future PNPs for dual primary and acute care certification.

Percepción del método Baby Led Weaning por parte de las familias y de los profesionales de Enfermería / Perception of the Baby-Led Weaning method by families and nursing professionals

Objetivo: describir el conocimiento acerca del método Baby Led Weaning (BLW), así como las ventajas y los inconvenientes entre los profesionales de Enfermería y su aplicación en la práctica clínica; e identificar el perfil de las familias que utilizan el método, así como la forma de llevarlo a cabo y la satisfacción con el mismo. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal en profesionales de Enfermería de Atención Primaria y Especializada de Aragón, y en progenitores que habían realizado el taller “Aprender a comer solito” en el Centro de Salud del Arrabal de Zaragoza. Para la recogida de los datos se utilizaron cuestionarios ad hoc autoadministrados a través de Google Forms®. Resultados: el 92,6% de los profesionales conocía el BLW; el punto fuerte que obtuvo mayor porcentaje (83,4%) fue que el BLW permitía al bebé experimentar y conocer los alimentos, siendo el punto débil más prevalente el riesgo de atragantamiento (67,6%). Las familias que habían realizado el BLW recomendarían efectuar el método en un 94,4%; destacaron, con un 88,9% como punto fuerte: “Método más natural que facilita el paso de la lactancia materna exclusiva a una alimentación complementaria”, y como punto débil, con un 77,8%: “Falta de tiempo”. Conclusiones: el BLW es un método ampliamente conocido por los profesionales de Enfermería, aunque se han encontrado barreras en su recomendación en la práctica diaria, especialmente ligadas al riesgo de atragantamiento. Las familias destacaron la autonomía y diversión que el método proporcionaba al bebé, así como la naturalidad en la transición a alimentos, manifestando un alto grado de satisfacción del método BLW y considerándolo recomendable.(AU)

Objective: to describe the awareness among Nursing professionals regarding the Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) method, as well as its advantages and drawbacks and its application in clinical practice; and to identify the profile of families using this method, as well as the way to conduct it and the level of satisfaction with it. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study among Primary and Specialized Care Nursing professionals in Aragon, and among parents who participated in the “Aprender a comer solito” (“Learning to eat on your own”) workshop in the Arrabal Primary Care Centre in Zaragoza. Self-administered ad hoc questionnaires were used for data collection, through Google forms®. Results: there was awareness of BLW in 92% of professionals; the strength with the highest rate (83.4%) was that BLW allowed babies to experiment and get to know foods, while the most prevalent weakness was the risk of choking (67.6%). Families who had conducted BLW would recommend the method on a 94.4%; they highlighted as a strength, with 88.9%, “A more natural method which allows moving from exclusive breastfeeding to complementary diet”, and as a weakness, with 77.8%, “Lack of time”. Conclusions: BLW is a method widely known by Nursing professionals, though barriers have been found for its recommendation in daily practice, particularly linked to the risk of choking. Families highlighted the autonomy and enjoyment that the method provided to babies, as well as a natural transition to foods, stating a high level of satisfaction with the BLW method and considering it recommendable.(AU)

Formación online en ecografía pulmonar para residentes de Pediatría / E-learning curriculum on newborn point-of-care lung ultrasound for Paediatric residents

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Eficacia de un plan de acogida teórico-práctico dirigido a profesionales de enfermería de nueva incorporación en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátrica: estudio piloto / Efficacy of a theoretical and practical programme to newly hired nursing personnel in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit: a pilot study

Objetivos: Diseñar un plan formativo de acogida a enfermeras/os de nueva incorporación y 2) determinar la autopercepción y el estrés percibido antes y después de la realización de la parte teórica y práctica con simulación de alta fidelidad. Método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio piloto de diseño cuasiexperimental tipo pretest-postest sin grupo control en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos (UCIP), de octubre de 2018 a abril de 2019. En primer lugar, se diseñó un plan formativo teórico y práctico que se impartió a todo el personal de nueva incorporación de la unidad. Posteriormente, se evaluó la autopercepción personal, el estrés percibido y el grado de satisfacción mediante dos escalas tipo Likert. Resultados: Participaron en el estudio un total de 20 enfermeras/os de nueva incorporación, el 90% (n = 18) eran del sexo femenino, con una edad media de 25,5 ± 4,53 años. Al comparar los datos obtenidos pre y post formación teórica con relación a la autopercepción personal se constató un aumento de puntuación en todos los ítems. A la vez, se objetivaron puntuaciones medias menores de estrés (6,9 ± 1,57 vs. los 5,6 ± 1,79). En la parte práctica se obtuvo también un aumento de las puntuaciones, así como una tendencia a la disminución de las puntuaciones medias globales de estrés percibido (6,4 ± 1,73 vs. 5,6 ± 1,93). Conclusiones: Un plan de acogida teórico-práctico mediante simulación clínica (SC) impartido a enfermeras/os de nueva incorporación de una UCIP mejoró su autopercepción sobre el nivel de conocimientos y disminuyó las puntuaciones medias de estrés.(AU)

Aims: to design a training programme for newly hired nursing personnel and (2) to determine self-perception and perceived stress before and after the theoretical and practical parts of the programme with high fidelity simulation activities. Methods: A pilot quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study without control group conducted in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit from October 2018 to April 2019 was conducted. A newly hired nursing personnel training programme was first designed and delivered. Later, the participants’ self-perception was assessed, as well as their perceived stress and grade of satisfaction using two different Likert scales. Results: A total of 20 newly hired nurses participated in the study, 90% (n = 18) were female with a median age of 25.5 ± 4.53 years. Higher scores were obtained in participants’ self-perception before and after the theoretical training. Lower significant median scores of the participants’ stress perception were found (6.9 ± 1.57 versus 5.6 ± 1.79). In the practical part of the programme, we obtained higher scores in all items, as well as lower median scores in stress perception (6.4 ± 1.73 versus 5.6 ± 1.93). Conclusions: A theoretical and practical programme for newly hired nursing personnel in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit improved participants’ self-perception and reduced their perceived median scores in stress levels.(AU)

Manejo enfermero de la atresia esofágica en el paciente neonatal / Nursing management of oesophageal atresia in neonatal patients

La atresia de esófago se describe como una anomalía congénita del aparato digestivo en el que existe una interrupción en el desarrollo del esófago y donde puede haber o no comunicación con la vía aérea, es decir, con la tráquea, pudiendo agravar así la función respiratoria del recién nacido. En este artículo se presenta el caso clínico de un recién nacido a término con esta patología que es intervenido quirúrgicamente a los dos días de vida. Tras la cirugía se traslada a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatal (UCIN) para una vigilancia y monitorización estrecha. Se detectan las complicaciones potenciales: infección secundaria y aspiración secundaria, ambas secundarias a procedimiento invasivo. Como diagnósticos enfermeros se identifican: riesgo de desequilibrio del volumen de líquidos, riesgo de úlcera por presión y deterioro de la integridad cutánea. Tras poner en marcha el plan de cuidados, la evolución del paciente es satisfactoria. Es fundamental el seguimiento clínico de estos pacientes para evitar complicaciones no solo a corto plazo, sino también a largo plazo, en el domicilio.(AU)

Oesophageal atresia is described as a congenital anomaly of the digestive tract where there is an interruption in the development of the oesophagus, and there can be communication or not with the airway, that is to say, with the trachea, which could worsen the respiratory function of the newborn. This article presents the case report of a full-term newborn with this condition who underwent a surgical procedure two days after birth. After surgery, he was transferred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) for close monitoring. Potential complications secondary to the invasive procedure were detected: secondary infection and secondary aspiration. The nursing diagnoses identified were: risk of fluid volume imbalance, risk of pressure ulcer, and deterioration of the skin integrity. After implementing the plan of care, the evolution of the patient was satisfactory. Clinical follow-up at home for these patients is essential in order to prevent complications, not only at short term but also at long term.(AU)

Health Care Transition Planning: Educational Needs of Pediatric Nurses and Pediatric Nurse Practitioners.

INTRODUCTION: The purpose was to identify the educational needs of pediatric nurses and pediatric nurse practitioners providing direct care to transition-aged youth with chronic illness and disability and to identify strategies to develop health care transition planning (HCTP) expertise. METHOD: Mixed-methods descriptive analyses were performed on survey data extracted from a larger national study exploring the provision of HCTP activities performed by nurses of two pediatric nursing professional organizations. RESULTS: Items querying educational needs were completed by 1,162 pediatric nurses serving in advanced practice and staff roles. Twenty percent reported having specialized HCTP education. Of which more than half received it outside of the workplace. Factor analysis revealed two constructs explaining 73.4% of the variance in nurses' reported level of knowledge. DISCUSSION: HCTP education and the development of nurse-led services to facilitate optimal health care transitions outcomes are necessitated. Academia and service have a shared responsibility in educating nurses.